Cultivator



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

S. L-. ALLEN.

GU'LTIVATOR.

No. 387,833. Patented Aug. 7, 1888.

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(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. S. L. ALLEN.

GULTIVATOR.

Patented Aug. 7, 1888.

FIG 9.

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W/TNESSES.

B /L; After/1e llhviTJED STATES PATENT @rrres.

SAMUEL L. ALLEN, OF OINNAMINSON, NEW JERSEY.

CULTIVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 387,333, dated August '7, 1888.

Application filed February 6, 1888. Serial No. 263,095. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it mag concern.-

' by cheapness of manufacture and ready adaptability of the implement to various purposes are effected.

Figure l of the accompanying drawings shows in side elevation one form of my doublewheel handeultivator, of which Fig. 2 is a front elevation and Fig. 3 a plan view. Figs. 4 and 5 are side elevation and plan views, respectively, of my single-wheel cultivator. Fig. 6 is a view in perspective of the doublewheel frame; Fig. 7, aperspective view of the single-wheel frame. Fig. 8 is a plan view of my cultivator, but with wheels secured on the inside instead of,as in Fig. 3,0n the outside of the frame-arms. Fig. 9 represents,on alarger scale,the vine guard. Fig. 10 shows the wheel and peculiar double-nuttedbolt axle. Fig. 11 shows the double-nutted bolt, and Fig. 12 is an enlarged perspective view of my improved rake.

Cultivators of this class as commonly made when adaptable to different tools-such as hoe blades, plowshares, and variously-shaped cultivator-tools-bave a' number of slots or holes for the tool-standards in various places on each side of the frame, whereby the different tools, when secured thereto, may have their points or edges in the proper position for the work intended for them, this position being of course necessarily different for different tools and depending on the work to be done. In my cultivator I employa single slot only on each side of the frame, the two slots being preferablyin the same line. Into these single slots are adapted to be inserted, interchageably, the standards of all classes of tools, the standards being curved or twisted, so as to bring the working-edges of the various tools in the proper position when inserted in the single slot.

Myimprovements are embodied in both single and double wheel cultivators, the difference between the two being that the frame B, Fig. 6, of the double-wheel implement has two forwardly-projecting arms, 0 O, to which the wheels are attached,the arms being connected by an arch, E,enabling the operator to run the cultivator either between the rows or with one wheel on each side of the row,while the singlewheel hoe-frame (best shown in Fig. 7) has a single forwardly-projecting arm, G, and is mainly intended to be run between the rows.

A A are the handlebars,preferably of wood, secured by nutted screws a, or otherwise, to the metal frame. The rounded upper portion or handle,p,ofthe handle baiyinstead of being of the shape usual in plows, cultivators, and most garden implements of the kind, is here made in the shape of a pistol-handle, thereby affording a firm grip, as it fits the shape ofthe hand much better than the common style.

In front of the points of attachment of the handles are the single slots F, one on each side, in which the various toolstandards are secured. These slots F in the double-armed frame are connected by the arch E, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6, whileinthe singlearmed frame, Figs. 4, 5, and 7, they are directly connected. The forwardly-projecting arm G is provided at its outer end with the flattened bearing H, having preferably the series of holes 12 n n. To this bearing is secured the axle of the wheel L, consisting ofa double-nutted bolt, T, Figs. 10 and 11. This bolt passes through one of the holes a, the wheel revolving on the stationary bolt and being held thereon between the head I) and not 6, while the bolt is securely held on the bearing I-I between the nuts 6 and (Z. By reason of theseries of holes in the bearing H the depth at which the different attachments work is readily adjustable, being deeper or shallower according to the hole in which the axle is secured.

G is an adjustable vine-guard, preferably made as shown in Fig. 9, having a seat, H, provided with one or more holes, n,andadapted to fit against the bearing H and be secured thereto by the double-nutted-bolt axle T. The wheel L, as well as the vine-guard G, can be secured on either side of the arm 0. This is particularly desirable in the double-wheel cultivator, as the width of track can be widely varied. wheel, instead of being set in the middle, as shown in Fig. 5, may, if desired, be set on the other side of the arm from that shown, and in this way both sides of a row of plants may be worked at one passage. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the implemcntwith both the wheels and the vine-guards on the outside of the arms, while Fig. 8 shows both wheels and vine-guards on the inside of the arms.

It is obvious that various combinations may be employed for varying the width of track and the position of the vine-guard. For instance, one wheel may be on the inside and the other on the outside of its respective arm; or the vine-guards may be on the opposite side of the arm from the wheel,which is perhaps the most desirable posit-ion orthe vineguards may, if desired, be left off altogether.

The implementis adaptable to many forms of tools as, for instance, hoes, plowshares, rakes, and cultivator-tools of various kinds. All these tools are adjustable in the slot F, being secured therein by bolts and nuts attached to the upper ends of the variously-shaped standards. The positions ofthe teeth may be varied laterally by securing them in different places in the slot F, and axially by turning them at different angles on thestandard-fasteni n g bolts.

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the cultivator is represented as having hoe-teeth R, with curved standards K, attached thereto, while the implement shown in Figs. 4 and 5 has secured thereto my improved rake S. This rake (shown in perspective in Fig. 12) has its standard or stem located, not centrally on the tool, but nearer one end than the other, thus accomplishing several desired results. For instance, when two rakes are used, one in each slot F, as shown in Fig. 5, the teeth project farther on each side by reason of the standards being nearer the inside of the rake, thus covering over a wider space of ground with the employment of the short slot F; and if only one rake be used it can be placed centrally, or nearly so, on the frame by bolting its standard to one of the slots F.

The teeth of the rake have broad flat edges f, which leave the ground in a much looser condition than when the teeth are of the same shape as those of the ordinary hand-rake.

It will be noticed by'reference to Figs. 3 and 8 that the hoe-blades in each pair therein illustrated have their curved twisted standards K arranged so that, although in the same slot or in slots in the same transverse line, they hold the blades one in advance of the In the single-wheel implement theother and not symmetrically opposite to each other. The blades may thus be used either in the position shown in Fig. 3 or that shown in Fig. 8. In either case each tooth covers the same amount of ground on each side of the cultivator; but the shapes of the standards are such that one tooth-blade is setin advance ofthe other. This is to allow small sticks and stones to pass easily by, that might otherwise, if the teeth were set evenly, catch or lodge in front of them and, being then carried along, tear up or injure theplants.

I claim- 1. In a cultivator,a frame having forwardlyprojecting arms and a single tool-holding slot on each side of the frame in the same trans verse line, each of said arms being provided with a vertical series of holes, whereby the depth of frame may be varied, substantially as described.

2. In a cultivator, a rigid one-piece frame having two forwardlyprojecting arms connected by an arch, and asi ngle tool-holding slot at the rear of each arm, each of said arms being provided with a vertical series ofholes,whereby the depth of frame may be varied, in combination with wheels having doublenuttedbolt axles, whereby the said wheels may be secured on either side of said arms, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. Ina cultivator, a detachable vine-guard, G, having a shouldered seat, H, provided with a series of holes, 11, whereby the said vineguard is adjustable at different heights on either side of the perforated arm of the culti vator-frame, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a cultivator, of a frame provided with forwardly-projecting perforated arms, adjustable vine-guards provided with perforated shouldered seats, and wheels having double-nutted-bolt axles, whereby the relative positions of said wheels, arms, and guards are interchangeable, thereby varying the width of track, substantially as described.

5. In a cultivator,a pair of adjustable curved tooth-rakes, each of which is provided with a single standard out of center, whereby the said rakes may be secured to a double-slotted cultivator-frame, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

SAML. L. ALLEN. 

